Brake-shoe



(No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 1. v

S. UREN.

BRAKE SHOE.

No. 331,347. v Patented Dec. 1, 1885'.

WTmE J-E, E 5: r l v ImJEnmf:

IE! IS H (No Model.)

3 SheetsSheet 2. S. UREN.

BRAKE SHOE.

No. 331,347. Patented Dec. 1, 1885.

(No Model.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

Upper e. W/ V 1;.

MTHE

'tant ends and objects,

lUrnrnn Starts Parana? @rrrcn.

STEPHEN UREN, OF SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA.

BRAKE-SHOE.

tSIPEGIFLCATIDhT forming part of Letters Patent No. 331,347, dated December 1, 1885.

Application filed June 19, 1855.

Serial No. 169,181. (X0 model.)

T 0 ctZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, STEPHEN Unnn, a citi zen of the United States, residing in the city of Sacramento, Sacramento county, State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Brake-Shoes and like Articles from Wrought Metal 5 and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of my said invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, that form a part of this specification.

My invention has for its object to produce brakeshoes of difi'erent styles and patterns out of wrought metal at less than the cost of the cast -1netal shoes now generally used, whereby a better article can be furnished at a reduced cost, the greater strength and durability of the one metal over the other likewise contributing toward the reduction of that class of railroad accidents directly or indirectly occasioned by the breaking of castmetal shoes.

The standard styles and patterns of brakeshoes now in use have a loop or eye on the back of the shoe fora pin or bolt, and in some styles there are projections on the back to fit recesses or depressions in'the brake-head; and to produce the required loops or apertures and the projections it has been necessary heretofore to cast the shoes in suitable molds, as their formation in the wrought metal would be attended with so much expense as to render that mode impracticable, while in addition to the great cost there was the diiliculty of securing such reasonable uniformity of size and shape in the finished articlethat no fitting or adjusting should be required to fiX a shoe to any brake-head. To attain these in1por- Iproceed to make a brake-shoe out of wrought metal with loops and projections of different kinds on the back by first building or laying up a blank from parts or pieces previously pre pared and shaped for the purpose, and in such forms or shapes that when laid together there will be produced or left in the blank at the points where the same are to be provided in the finished article the loops or openings and the projections or outstanding portions on the back. By heating this blank and then placing it between dies having the shape to be given the finished piece, the blank is forged and shaped in its heated condition by a single blow or pressure.

The nature of my improvement in the art of manufacturing brake-shoes, then, con sists, essentially, in building or laying up a blank out of pieces of wrought-iron previously shaped for the purpose, and by means of suitably-shaped dies bringing this blank while heated into a solid piece and with the required shape at the same operation.

In the said drawings herein referred to, Figures 1, 2, 3 represent as many different styles of brake-shoes now most commonly used. Fig. 4 is an edge view of the blank from which the style Fig. 1 is produced, and Figs. 5 and 6 represent the blank employed for the style of shoe Fig. 2. Figs. 7, 8, and 9show the details of the pieces composing the blank for Fig. 1, and Fig. 10 gives the forms of the pieces employed for the construction of the blank Fig. 2. Figs. 11, 12, 13, and 14 are vertical sections showing the general form of two sets of dies designed for the production of the two styles of shoes shown inthe other detail views.

The general form and the number of the pieces employed for the blank Fig. 2 and their relative positions are shown in Fig. 10 of the drawings. The flat slab A forms the sole or face of the shoe, and the straight bars A A are laid along the edges, with a space left in the center from end to end, forming a channel for the reception of the middle bar, B. This piece has the ends bent up and suitably curved to leave openings or spaces between them and the sole A beneath, and it is of sufficient width to fit the channel. For the style of shoe Fig. 1 thisloop-piecewillbe bent at one end for the loop B and at theother I end to form the projection B, while in the other style of shoe (seen at Fig. 2) the bar will have both ends bentinto a loop shape.

To produce a shoe with the 100 in the mid- 1 die, as illustrated in Fig. 3, the bar will be bent up in the center, but left straight at the ends. This piece of the member is conveniently formed in one orin several pieces, illustrations of which are seen in Figs. 7, 8, and 9, respectively.

0 D are filling-blocks toprovide a sufficient quantity of metal beneath and on each side of the loop-piece at the end of the blank, and E E are cross-pieces out to the width of the block and laid across the top to form the fillets E in the finished article. These parts being laid together in the manner represented in Figs. 7 and 10, the blank produced will have the appearance seen in Figs. 4, 5, 6, 8, but the shape will be given in the forging operation.

By means of suitable machinery the pieces can be turned out of wrought metal in large quantities rapidly and at small expense. The bent pieces can be bent by the use of dies or suitable bending machinery, the filletpieces can be rolled out in bars and cut to lengths, and the labor of preparing the pieces can be reduced to a minimum.

The bars A A could be formed in one piece with the sole-plateA by rolling out a channelshape piece and then cutting it into required lengths and slotting the ends to let in the ends of the loop-piece. The plate for the blank figure has one slot, and that for the other construction, Fig. 2, has both ends slotted. For the final forgng and shaping, the blanks thus built up are brought to a welding heat in a suitable furnace, the capacity of which should allowa number of blanks to be heated at each charge. To handle the blanks in this operation I useapeel or fiat shovel-like implement with a long handle, and rigged with a pushbar that lies across the top face of the blankcarrying surface and is movable from the handle end of the tool by means of a long rod running outward along the handle through guide-loops. so that by pushing the bar across the face of the peel from the back to the outer end, whatever lies on this surface will be transferred to the surface beyond the end of the peel, and thus a blank placed on this surface is readily discharged onto the fioor of the furnace without danger of disturbing the position and arrangements of the several pieces. From the furnace the heated blanks are placed between the dies to receive a solid form and the desired shape, and by a single blow or by pressure they are turned out a finished shoe in a rapid manner; but neither the mode of handling the blanks and of heating them, nor the particular construction of dies and the mode of working them forms any special part or feature of this improvement, for the same are within the skill and knowledge of the practieal workman, and are governed by the eircumstances in each case of the use and practice of my invention. In like manner, also, the best mode of preparing and shaping the pieces to compose the blank must be left to the judgment of the mechanic, and either one or all of the several operationsof rolling, cutting, bending, or shaping with dies be employed as considered the best and the most economical in time and labor.

To illustrate the character of dies suited to the production of the two styles of brakeshoes, Figs. 1 and 2, I have shown in Figs. 11, 12 and 13, let the tWo forms of upper and lower dies to give the shape in each case; but as the form of dies to be employed is governed by the style or pattern and the shape of the article to be made, thesetools will vary in form of cavity and surface, though the operation generally will remain the same.

In Figs. 11, 12 the top die has the cavity with recesses for the projecting parts tobe left standing, while in the other set, Figs. l3, 14, the cavity and recesses are provided in the lower die. This is required by the peculiar shape of the projections in this form of blank. Fig. 11 also shows a form of gage for setting the blank on the die. The arm I is held up by a spring, J, and its inner end forms a stop to set the blank in line with the upper die. On the descent of the die the spring permits the arm to yield when struck; but restores it to position again when the die is raised. These dies are fixed for use in any suitable press.

It should be mentioned as an advantage obtained in the production of brake-shoes from wrought metal, in addition to the important features before described, that the character of the metal permits the face of the shoes to be redressed or relaid when worn, and this can be done by the same mode of building up a blank from the old portion and a new sole or plate for the face, and then heating and forging, as before, as the face of the shoe is the only part exposed to wear, and the loop and projections will Wear for a considerable time.

In the same manner in which I proceed to form and produce the loops, apertures, proj eetions, and outstanding parts of brake-shoes many other articles of large consumption, where cheapness of manufacture is a desirable point to be gained, can be produced by build ing up blanks out of pieces properly shaped and bent for the purpose and then forging and shaping by dies.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A brake-shoe formed of the slab or face A, having bars or elevations along each edge of the back, and a central bar or strip with projections or loops laid in the channel between the side bars and united with the slab and side bars, substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

2. A brake-shoe formed of the flat slab or face A and the side bars, A A on the back of part A, with a space between them, and the center bar, B, having projections or loops, as described, laid in the space between said side bars, all of said parts being united to-' gether substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

3. A brakeshoe formed of the slab or part A, having the three bars upon its back, the center bar being provided with projections or loops, and the filling-blocks G D, all constructed, arranged, and united substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

STEPHEN UREN. [L. s.]

lVitnesses:

G. F. LOOK, G. On. FEYI-IL. 

